Bronchitis involves swelling and inflammation of the bronchial tubes that carry air to and from the lungs. It occurs in two forms: acute bronchitis, which resolves within weeks, and chronic bronchitis, which is persistent and more serious.
Pneumonia differs by affecting the alveoli — the tiny air sacs in the lungs that allow oxygen to pass into the blood. These sacs can fill with fluid or pus, which presents greater danger than bronchitis.
Symptoms of Bronchitis vs. Pneumonia
- Chest congestion
- Frequent coughing with thick or discolored mucus
- Shortness of breath and fatigue
- Fever, body aches, headache
- Chills and sweating
- Sore throat
- Stuffy or runny nose
Bronchitis typically produces wheezing sounds during breathing. Pneumonia may cause sharp, stabbing chest pain while coughing or taking a deep breath, and tends toward higher fevers and heavier sweating, particularly in elderly or immunocompromised patients.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis includes a symptom assessment, medical history review, and lung auscultation with a stethoscope. Diagnostic tests may include chest X-rays, mucus samples, blood tests, or bronchoscopy.
Treatment
Treatment involves medication for pain and cough management, adequate fluids, and rest. Prompt medical attention is important, since untreated bronchitis can progress to pneumonia.
Medical Disclaimer: This article is for general educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions about a medical condition.